Alprozolam is a short-acting, high-potency benzodiazepine used primarily for the management of severe anxiety and panic disorders. At this dose, it is indicated for patients with persistent or acute symptoms requiring rapid relief.
The relatively rapid onset and short half-life provide quick symptom control but can lead to significant withdrawal and rebound anxiety if stopped abruptly, especially after longer-term use.
Alprazolam acts by enhancing the effects of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, thereby reducing abnormal brain activity associated with anxiety and panic attacks. While highly effective for short-term symptom management, it is not recommended for extended use due to the risk of tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal (which may include heightened anxiety, agitation, and, rarely, seizures). Dose-related side effects such as drowsiness, cognitive impairment, and motor incoordination are common, and elderly patients are particularly prone to sedation, confusion, and falls.
• Primary uses: Severe anxiety, panic disorder, sometimes for short-term relief of anxiety-related insomnia.
• Onset: Within 30–60 minutes; peak effect typically within 1–2 hours.
• Warnings: Limit to short-term or intermittent use; avoid in elderly or those with substance use disorder history.
• Risks: Sedation, cognitive and motor impairment, rapid tolerance, dependence, withdrawal (including anxiety, insomnia, agitation, seizures), and increased risk of falls, especially in older adults.
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